Wednesday 4 May 2016

Section A LR

Q1.

In product one,the video is overall edited very quickly. By condensing the video, it would definitely show that it is catered for this generation. Commonly, if a video is too long, audiences lose focus and skip to watch another video. This therefore shows, by keeping the video short, it can maintain the already short attention span of today's generation. Furthering this, the shortness of the video makes it much more shareable. Moreover, in the introduction of the clip, the voice over effects used make it sound robotic. Coupled with the monotonous tone, the voice over futuristic element, the prominence of new and digital media in this day and age. The bold typography creates a a very playful and light-hearted feel to the video, and would also attract a much more youth based demographic. The iconic pictures coupled with the text makes the video very informative, but also adds a visual representation of what is communicated through the voice over. By this visual aid, it presents the modern generation to be 'dumbing down'. The pictures also make it very easy for the audience to relate it to campaigners and a political movement through the choice of image portraying the applicability of Medhurts' 'Shorthand'. 

On the other hand, product two is much more inclined to traditional media, as it constructed in a typical broadcast form. From the outset of the bulletin, the audience is exposed to the binary opposition between the protesters and police. However, we are positioned to associate the police as villains and the protesters, the 'princess' that need saving' (Propp). This is because we are given the first hand thoughts through the interview of fellow protesters. In on instance, a protester said that they are "fighting for basic freedoms", and another said "this is all we have". This primary information expresses the disequilibrium, thus making it more news worthy through the news value, 'negativity (Galtung and Ruge). Furthering this, when we saw the two sides fighting, Sky utelised a birds eye view shot. This can be interpreted it is from God's perspective, hence connoting a sense of unbiased, which links to the ofcom standard Sky have to adhere to. 

Q2

Youtube and other social media platforms could well be perceived a medium in which audience's ideologies and cultural understanding could be shaped and even altered. This is as, opinion leaders carry dominance on sites such as Twitter and Instagram, and set the agenda on what is and what isn't trendy. This view of point would support the two step flow model, but then also portray how the online community is structured wherein the minority serve the majority (Pareto's Law). Also, in contrast, it is also credible to argue that the fact that audiences are in control of setting their own agenda in how they represent themselves online. It is arguable that the audience can "accept, reject or challenge" what is presented to them online. Similarly to this, audience can choose what theey want and don't want to publish onlince, and in some instances, people have been misleading people into believing that they're someone they are not. An example of this would be MTV's programme, 'Catfish'. This is where Nev and Karruche Tran uncover the mysteries of who the 'contestant/guest' is talking to and ulitmately identify who the online live interest really is. This programme highlights the lack of credibility of the accuracy of the truth of how people represent themselves online. 

Social media has also broken the boundaries of coutries and boarders in sense that the world is connected on this platform. (Global villiage, Mcluhen) This therefore makes room for cultural imperialism. This is where cultures interchange and other cultures take crtain aspects of their culture. A prime example of this is seen with the now growing popularity of well established American urban brands in the UK. Brands such as Bape and Supreme would embody the 'Americanisation' of this generation. 

Friday 29 April 2016

Section B

New and digital media offers media institutions different ways of reaching audiences.
Consider how and why media institutions are using these techniques. (48 Marks)

As technology and new and digital media advances, both the news and music industry have been forced to adapt to the changes from traditional means of distribution to digital. Both industries have employed various new methods utilising digital media to survive and remain relevant. Some would argue that new and digital media has opened an avenue wherein the audience and the institution carry a symbiotic relationship. Utilising the digital sphere offers both positives and negatives to both industries.

Firstly, it is evident in the changes that institutions are forced by new and digital media to discover different ways of reaching their audience. In recent years, news audiences have witnessed the decline of the newspapers. This especially evident as we have institutions like 'The Independent' cease their printing of newspapers and function solely as an online website. This is a prime example of the paradigm shift from traditional media, to digital media. Furthering this, many other institutions have been affected, consequently suffering. The Daily Mirror's sales fell 7.7%, Daily Mail down 7.4% and the Sun fell 9.4%. These statistics provided from June 2015, definitely illustrate the decline in the newspaper. However, it isn't just the news industry affected by ever changing means of distribution. The music industry has also seen and experienced a decline in CD sales and download. The Wall Street Journal has stated published that CD sales from 2009 to 2014, have decreased a massive 40 million sales. Furthering this, Universal Music Group's downloads figure dropped a 13% in 2015. This portrays how both the music and news industry have been forced to venture in finding a new method in distributing their content to an audience.
Interestingly, the music industry has been able to utilise the advances in technology and provide music streaming services. Applications such as Spotify, Tidal and the recent Apple Music has made the access of music easier than ever, and has also been proven to be very popular amongst consumers. In 2015, Universal Music Group published that they had made the biggest revenue in the past decade, grossing $5.6 billion. They saw a significant growth in subscription and streaming. With their streaming income going up 56%. This shows how the music industry have taken a turn away from the traditional methods of selling CD's and downloads. With the benefits of streaming, listening to music has become much more accessible for consumers which would link to the changed mind-set of consumers wanting the latest immediately, and streaming services provide this expectation.
Also, news industries have also began to employ different ways of reaching audiences. A new method used for generating revenue in recent years is paywall. This is where consumers pay subscription to access the online content. An article written by director and former journalist, David Simon, called 'Build the Wall' accentuates the importance of placing monetary value on the news we receive, and challenges the view of news being a commodity that is free. He explains that if this expectation of news being free continues, the quality of news that we receive would deteriorate, hence highlighting the importance of the paywall. Also, with the availability of new technology, the access of news has become much easier for consumers. With technological convergence, provided with the use of apps and smartphones, consumers are able to access content for numerous institutions. Previously, to do this, consumers needed to buy several newspapers, but now with the advances in technology, consumers can access different institution's content all from their smartphone.     
Moreover, with the ever increasing popularity in social media, news institutions have now began to utilise this platform to reach audiences. In recent years, social media site Twitter has been utilised by institutions to publish headlines and bring exposure to their content. Consequently, the phrase 'News on the Tweet' has been coined. With this new method utilised by news institutions, it has driven traffic to their sites, hence providing them a healthier revenue. Also, with the use of social media, it portrays how institutions are able to increase their audience demographic to the youths. As the popularity of social media amongst youngsters is ever increasing, it shows how news is becoming more available and accessible for the youth of today. Interestingly, news brands online are reliant on their previous successes, as gaining a verified account makes their posts online much more credible and trustworthy. This portrays how the traditional model institutions had has helped them in gaining credibility and shouldn't be overlooked and undermined.
In addition, the new way news institutions reaching consumers has allowed more room for them to become more active in the way they respond to news. Audience are able to comment and express their personal views on particular news stories with the aid of technology. A significant example of this is the 'I cant breathe' phenomena which arose in response to the Eric Garner case. When the footage of what happened to Garner was made public, users took to Twitter to express their grief. This therefore assisted the '#blacklivesmatter' movement previously founded in 2013.  
     

SEC A

Q1. An interesting way in which Channel 4 utelises narrative techniques in 'Educating Yorkshire' is through the structure of the narrative. In the beginning, we see our protagonist suffer from a speech impediment, but then develop into being capable in delivering a speech to his fellow peers. This would demonstrate Todorov's narrative theory of 'Equilibrium'. This would attract the attention of audiences because it presents how the Channel 4 series portrays the development of students in school. This would be a unique selling point because it informs audiences with the standard of the education system and the ethos of the teachers. Additionally, another way in which audiences are attracted is through the editing. By Channel 4 using cut a away shots of multiple students crying, it positions the audience in a sphere where they are most likely to respond emotionally. This would interest the audience as people do enjoy heart warming programmes.     

Likewise, in 'Waterloo Road' BBC 1 employ narrative techniques, namely Barthes' 'Enigma code' to attract audiences. When the character 'Gabby' arrives at school in her parents' car, there is a change in the music portraying a change in mood. Also, when she comes out the car, there is a use of a tilt movement in the camera, hence making her appearance being revealed much more dramatic. These contributing devices all create an enigma code which would attract an audience as they would be intrigued to see how the plot would resolve. 

Q2 Firstly, in Educating Yorkshire, Channel 4 presents school life as a positive experience, where teacher support the need of the student. This is specifically when the teacher aids our protagonists stammer. Thus implying that the school environment is nurturing. This positive representation would demonstrate Perkin's 'positive stereotypes. As it is commonly believes that the school is the place where the teachers cater to the needs of the students, by Channel 4 constructing the representation in the documentary to be parallel with the stereotypical vie it demonstrates Perkins stereotypes are also positive. As the student was an ethnic minority specifically from the East and the teacher helping him wa white and from the west, it portrays Said's 'Orientalism; that the West help educate the East to become un-civilised. This would therefore present the school not to be discriminating. 

In contrast, BBC 1's 'Waterloo Road' doesn't represent school life in quite the same light of positivity. Through the segregation of the groups in school, it presents how there is a binary opposition between the popular and the non-popular. Also, through the manner in which the students wear their uniform, it prestos how the students are trying to set their own agenda with the school rules. This therefore presents how school life is full of students trying to change the rules and in some instances, break them. 

Monday 21 March 2016

MEST3 mock exam - Learner Response

1) Type up your feedback in full (you do not need to write mark/grade if you do not wish to).

Section A 14/32
-More focus to the question
-Other side of the argument 

Section B 33/48 
-Some great points + examples, and you generally stay very well focused on the question
-You could take some debates further
-Need more Marxism/Pluralism
-Need independent case study

2) Read through the mark scheme. Pay particular attention to page 9 that has suggested content for each of the questions in Section A. How many of these potential points did you make? Did you successfully answer the questions?

Q1.
• Fast editing
• Direct address of the “Who are you?” questioning
• Use of text on screen to provide a very contemporary scene
• One text creates the desire to own a product, while the other encourages self-realisation

Q2 
• Identification with celebrity
• Creation of personal spectacle
• Pros and cons of social networks
• Increased opportunity for members of the public to control their own representations

Q3
• Illusion of empowerment
• Cross media promotion
• Direct audience feedback


3) Now look at page 15 of the mark scheme. How many of the broad areas suggested by AQA did you cover in your Section B essay? Did you successfully answer the question?

• Exemplification via case study
• Globalisation and media manipulation
• Agenda setting via production


4) Read the Examiner's Report in full. For each question, would you classify your response as one of the stronger answers or one of the weaker answers the Chief Examiner discusses? Why? What could you do differently next time? Write a reflection for EACH question in the paper.

Q1. Weaker 'simple points of analysis, in some cases being limited to brief references to one or two media language examples, such as the use of a particular camera shot or soundtrack.

Next time I will use theoretical and conceptual frameworks to reveal detailed knowledge and show understanding of how media products are constructed and what impact they are likely to have upon an audience.

Q2. Weaker, next time I need to talk about the effect on the audiences and include the wording in the question.

Stronger responses revealed a very real awareness of how individuals are increasingly able to reveal their identity in ways that were unavailable even a decade ago.
Higher level responses showed some excellent critical autonomy in debating whether technological developments, while enabling individuals to express themselves more fully.

Q3 I should talk about my examples in greater detail and depth. Show a broad knowledge of media theory. The highest performing students showed some excellent critical autonomy in debating whether technological developments, while enabling individuals to express themselves more fully. Talk about both sides of the argument. 



5) Choose your weakest question in Section A and re-write an answer in full based on the suggested content from the Examiner's Report. This answer needs to be comprehensive and meet the criteria for Level 4 of the mark scheme. This will be somewhere between 3-6 well-developed paragraphs (depending on the number of marks).

Q2 In what ways are issues of personal identity presented in the media?

Firstly, with terrorism being prevalent in this day and age, Muslims are now generally categorised as terrorists. The view point of society would mirror Edward Said's 'Orientalism', that the East is uncivilised and the West is civilised. Last year, The Guardian released footage of an English woman screaming abuse at a group of Muslim women on public transport. This women's abusive behaviour would accentuate this view on the Muslim community as terrorists and asylum seekers. This shows how the media has created an unfair generalisation towards this specific group of people therefore presenting the issues of personal identity in the media. 

Similarly, the unfair representation of a specific group could further be seen in the representation of youth in the 2011 London riots. During the heat of the riots, the youth of London were immediately labelled, 'Morons', 'dangerous' and 'mindless'. Interestingly, the creators of these labels were the people in power and those is authority. This would be parallel with Bathe's stereotyping, that those in power stereotype the less powerful. The demonisation of the youth would be considered unfair because the reasoning - that the youth had for rioting, wasn't mentioned. This shows the issue of how the media unfairly generalises a group of people thus highlighting the issues of personal identity in the media. This would also portray how the identities that are presented in the media could be untrue and should not always be trusted.  

NDM News

Why we use adblockers: 'We need to have more control over what we're exposed to'

‘Familiarity breeds contempt’ Lorrie Beauchamp (58), writer, Montreal, Canada

Lorrie Beauchamp
 Lorrie Beauchamp


I worked in the advertising world for 30 years. It’s an industry that profits from mindless consuming but, if they don’t change their tune and their business model, the industry will perish. Consumers are getting smarter, and the “tricks” used to influence us are becoming increasingly obvious.

‘Ads should be designed around the user’ - Courtney Allen (28), digital communications, London


‘For every free item a company gives away, someone somewhere is being robbed to pay for it’ - Ben Lloyd (37), copywriter, Essex, UK


‘Companies need to start vetting those who want to advertise and start respecting the customer’ - Sam Fleming (27), Educator, Manchester


‘I told Facebook I’m 106, and now only get ads for bingo and late life love’ - Kate (45), freelance writer, Yorkshire


‘I imagine a return to a more traditional system in a new format’ - Sadie (25), student, Sydney, Australia


‘The consumer needs to have control over the type of adverts they are exposed to while browsing’ Louise (23), Horsham, UK




It will be a fight to get rid of the BBC. Of the nearly 200,000 people who responded to a government consultation also published last week, 81% said the BBC was serving its audience “well or very well”. People still like it, they still consume its services more than any other broadcaster’s and so, crucially, they would miss it. This report is in favour of reducing its audience — but, according to Mark Oliver, one of the study’s authors, “would still leave BBC reach at a level that would be sufficient to maintain support for the licence”.




NDM News

Ireland's fascinating election gets too little UK media coverage

There is a general election in Ireland tomorrow, although it is very doubtful that many people in Britain know that. UK newspaper coverage has not so much been muted as virtually non-existent. Yet, in so many ways, it is a fascinating election that could well have a far-reaching impact in Britain. The polls suggest that no party will obtain a sufficient majority to govern alone. There is nothing new in that after a succession of coalition governments. The researcher asked if I would talk about how the election result would be regarded here. The answer is clear: no impact of any kind.

Mexican journalist and media owner stabbed to death


Mexican journalist Moisés Dagdug Lutzow, media company owner and former politician, was stabbed to death in his home on Saturday (20 February). Dagdug had previously received threats, said colleagues, who also pointed out that he had been critical on his radio show of the Tabasco state government and its governor, Arturo Nuñez Jimenez.
“This means vigorously investigating Moisés Dagdug Lutzow’s murder and considering all possible motives, including that he might have been killed in reprisal for his work.” Two weeks ago, the body of Mexican journalist Anabel Flores Salazar was found on a highway in Puebla the day after she had been abducted from her home in the neighbouring the state of Veracruz.

Case study research tasks

The basics

Your chosen industry: Music Industry  

Your chosen case study (i.e. text/institution etc.): 

Have you received approval for this case study from your teacher? Yes/No

http://www.youredm.com/2016/02/24/universal-music-group-sees-its-highest-revenue-in-a-decade/